Estado del arte de la inteligencia emocional. Una mirada en el liderazgo de la industria petroquímica venezolana

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive review of the main theoretical approaches to emotional intelligence and leadership, with the objective of presenting the state of the art in these fields. This documentary research, based on a bibliographic design, addresses the question: Which theoretical foundations of emotional intelligence and leadership act as positive drivers in the petrochemical workplace? To this end, key publications by authors such as Thorndike (1920), Hollander (1978), McGregor (1978), Drucker (1980), Kotter (1990), Salovey and Mayer (1990), and Goleman (1995, 1996, 1998, 2025), among others, were analyzed. The literature review identified several elements linking emotional intelligence and leadership, which act as positive drivers in the petrochemical work environment. These include the ability to recognize and differentiate one‘s own emotions and those of others, to manage and regulate these emotions, and to use them adaptively. Ultimately, this research aims to contribute to managerial sciences, particularly within the framework of macro-theories of learning and human development in organizations, and to serve as a reference for future doctoral dissertations on this subject.