Polya en la estadística descriptiva como herramienta de enseñanza en la educación universitaria

Abstract

Statistics is a mathematical science that seeks to gather quantitative or qualitative information regarding individuals, groups or a series of facts; It is of utmost importance within the educational curriculum due to the use it has in the later life of a student, since in many professions basic knowledge of the subject is required and its study helps personal development, promoting critical reasoning based on assessment of objective evidence, allowing the construction of individuals capable of using quantitative data to control their judgments and interpret those of others. Regarding the teaching of statistics, it should be indicated that students should be given favorable academic situations that allow them to acquire statistical knowledge in a simple and easy to understand way, without obsessing over the concepts, but favoring procedures and attitudes and thus achieving significant learning. The purpose of this essay is to present, through a documentary review, the state of the art of statistics and its teaching from the methodology of problem solving, all from the contributions of: Polya (1945), Holmes (1980). Gagne (1980), Ausubel (1981), Skinner (1990) and Piaget (1971).