Los medios aéreos no tripulados (drones) como herramienta estratégica para salvaguardar el sistema eléctrico en la ZODI Capital

Abstract

The security of national electrical infrastructure is a fundamental pillar for the stability and development of any nation. In the Capital Comprehensive Defense Operational Zone (ZODI), these facilities face critical vulnerabilities to hybrid threats and sabotage that compromise the energy supply. This research explores the potential of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) as a strategic tool for safeguarding these assets, based on the theory of critical infrastructure resilience. The main objective is to propose strategic guidelines that facilitate the effective integration of drones into security operations, seeking to optimize response capacity and guarantee operational efficiency given the country's current economic reality. Methodologically, the study was framed within a feasibility project, with a non-experimental design and a descriptive level of analysis. The population consisted of a census sample of twenty-five (25) military professionals with expertise in the field. Data was collected using a survey and a Likert-scale questionnaire. The results demonstrate a 96% acceptance rate regarding the technological relevance of drones and a 92% consensus on their financial viability as a resource optimization strategy. It is concluded that the implementation of these guidelines strengthens the nation's comprehensive defense and significantly reduces logistical costs, aligning with the State's technological sovereignty objectives.